An Adelaide company has developed a silicon storage device that it claims costs a tenth as much as a lithium ion battery to store the same energy and is eyeing a $10 million public float.

1414 Degrees had its origins in patented CSIRO research and has built a prototype molten silicon storage device which it is testing at its Tonsley Innovation Precinct site south of Adelaide.

Chairman Kevin Moriarty says 1414 Degrees’ process can store 500 kilowatt hours of energy in a 70-centimetre cube of molten silicon – about 36 times as much energy as Tesla’s 14KWh Powerwall 2 lithium ion home storage battery in about the same space.

Put another way, he says the company can build a 10MWh storage device for about $700,000. The 714 Tesla Powerwall 2s that would be needed to store the same amount of energy would cost $7 million before volume discounts.

Most of us nowadays are lucky enough to not think twice before consuming electricity in our home. From switching on kettles to flipping a switch, we’ve become accustomed to the blink of an eye being a transition to an invisible force that spreads through the walls and powers our appliances and devices.

Electrical grids currently bring energy to millions of people, but the fundamental characteristics of the system are strained and flawed. In addition, the costs to access such energy networks in remote areas can be high. Grid efficiencies are also very low. Loss during generation and transition phases cause efficiencies to be as low as 33%.

The hindrances, coupled with the impacts of fossil fuel electricity method, the crippling indirect cost of healthcare (through respiratory illnesses) and global warming clearly show that the electrical grid is need of a major revamp.

Where do we go from here?

To decentralise the electricity supply and accelerate the adoption of large volumes of electricity from renewable sources will require advances in energy storing technologies. The ability to efficiently, and reliably, store intermittent energy will keep homes warm and the kettles going through the cold and dark winter days, and the calm summer nights.

Luckily for us, there are many researchers around the globe innovating and developing novel technologies to help make single-home and community energy storage as widespread as current power lines that visually pollute our neigbourhoods.

Anyone would be negligent to discuss home battery technologies without at least acknowledging Tesla. Tesla’s small ‘Powerwall 2’ battery can store a huge amount of energy which is able to power a 2-bedroom home for a full day. However, Tesla is currently facing fierce competition from other Li-ion battery producers.

German manufacturer, Sonnen, offer a similar home battery and is developing an AirBnB-style platform for electricity sharing. Tesla also face sharp competition from China. Many Chinese companies have recently come out with promises to undercut Tesla’s batteries and has even put into question whether Tesla’s Gigafactory is still a worthwhile and viable endeavour.

It is critical to drive Li-ion innovation, as it continues to be the standard ‘tried-and-tested’ method for rechargeable energy storage. This extends from homes, to vehicles and mobile devices.

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There is a significant opportunity for energy storage under the Trump administration, the US Energy Storage Association has said.

“We’ve been striving to get the engagement from the federal government, the worst they could do is not talk to us. But they’ve already indicated and shown an interest in engaging with this industry so all signs point to some sort of opportunity to advance storage within this administration,” Matt Roberts, executive director of the ESA, told Energy-Storage.News.

In fact, storage has been on the radar of the GOP since the election, when a brief line regarding electricity energy storage was mentioned in the official party platform. Now, president Trump has made clear that infrastructure and grid modernisation are key priorities in his wider energy policy; whereby energy storage certainly has a part to play.

“If you want to talk about grid resiliency, energy storage is part of that conversation. If you want to talk about load modulation, demand response, storage is a part of that conversation,” Roberts said.

“Whatever front this administration moves on, there is a sizeable opportunity for energy storage to be a big part of that conversation and currently it looks like the focus of this administration, least in the first 100 days, or the first year, is to push through on infrastructure…things like tax parity or other treatment of storage could be a part of that conversation as well.”

FERC’s proposals to implement market participation rules

More specifically, the storage industry hopes to engage with the federal level through the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) on proposals. The body is in the middle of processing three different proposals including docket AD 1620 that would seek to implement market participation rules; which are key for a burgeoning industry.

“It basically seeks to acquire all the wholesale markets that have treatment for energy storage for the value that it delivers,” explained Roberts. “So that’s a major initiative at the federal level that is really going to unlock multi-billion dollar markets – for capacity, energy and also for transmission deferral and upgrade that energy storage has a big opportunity in.”

So far, Roberts is confident that there is at least “an appetite” to learn about energy storage through that specific proposal from the Trump administration. Whilst there is not an extensive amount of energy storage mentioned in the new administration’s agenda, this plan to engage with it is a big step forward, considering storage has traditionally lacked any engagement at the federal level.

“We are probably the one industry out there saying ‘hey – please regulate us!’ We want to be regulated because to be regulated is to be recognised. Someone has to put pen to paper and go, what is this thing? How much is it worth? How much of it do we need?”

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The Southern California Public Power Authority (SCPPA), an organisation comprising the municipal utilities of 10 cities and one irrigation district, has ordered a potential 1MW of ice battery storage systems from Ice Energy.

The systems, to be installed at customer residences, will help the utilities to tackle the difficult problem of mitigating residential peak demand “in a reliable and cost-effective manner”, Ice Energy CEO Mike Hopkins said.

Up to 100 systems, each of 9.6kW, will be deployed, replacing the outdoor condensing units of homeowners’ air conditioning systems. Ice Energy’s ice battery uses copper coils to pump cold refrigerant through regular tap water, making ice, with the idea being that this can be done during off-peak hours.

The residential model, branded Ice Bear 20, can cool a home continuously for four hours, with the company claiming it can save 95% of associated electricity costs. The larger Ice Bear 30 model is available to commercial users.

Ice Energy claims Ice Bear is smart-grid enabled, including bi-directional communications technology and can completely replace existing home air conditioning units. The systems installed for SCPPA should allow the utilities to reduce their peak demand, in effect saving energy, increasing efficiency and lowering emissions. The four hours’ continuous cooling they offer allow the utility to load shed for that time.

Evaluating the thermal storage proposition

The SCPPA systems will be installed by the end of this year, with installations beginning in June. Their performance will be evaluated and reported to SCPPA. Backed by a five-year warranty, the Ice Bear systems will be owned by participating homeowners and installed by local Heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) professionals.    

Another maker of cooling energy storage, Viking Cold, told Energy-Storage.News in May last year that an unnamed California utility was investigating using its products to help counter the challenge posed by the famous “duck curve” of PV energy supply and demand. It is thought that procurement of such systems can be counted as contributing to the mandated 1.3GW of energy storage California utilities must procure under AB2514.

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The problem with today’s power grid isn’t the lack of electricity but rather the lack of it at certain times. The United States has progressively moved towards adding renewable energy to the grid but solar and wind power are rather intermittent. Worst of all, some of this power is completely wasted because our grid is unable to store it properly. Tesla, along with other companies, has begun to solve this pressing issue.

Three new storage plants are in the works and they’re unlike anything before. The plants will be completely reliant on lithium ion storage. Lithium powered batteries have seen rapid reductions in price in the past several year’s thanks to the high demand for electric cars. Tesla is also developing a gigafactory in Nevada to mass produce these batteries, some of which will be used in the storage plant. AES Corp. and Altagas Ltd. are the other two companies creating battery plants in California. The Altagas plant was activated January 27th. AES has another battery plant in Arizona scheduled to go online within the next several months as well as a project internationally in India.

These plants will reduce the number of blackouts due to power shortage at peak hours and prevent loss of power generated but not used. When it comes to renewables there’s virtually no carbon dioxide emission or risk of spills harming the environment. Electricity generated from renewables will be stored appropriately and reinforce the notion that our power grid really can go green.

This does not bode well for fossil fuel producers. Combustion plants using fossil fuels see this as an imposing threat to their industry. With 67 percent of our grid currently relying on nonrenewable energy, there could be a sizeable portion of market share up for grabs. The push to reduce climate change has governments betting on these batteries. President Trump, however, has promised to bring coal and crude production to a new level of activity. Economists are unsure how his policy will play out but all this guarantees oil producers is a little more sweet time before this inevitable adaptation.

AES has remained steady while Altagas dropped $2.18 per share since the week of their plant’s opening. Even with these losses, investors should consider Altagas as well as AES. The projects show promises of growth but only a fraction of what’s expected of Tesla. The company’s stock has grown nearly $70 since December and analysts don’t see momentum slowing. Tesla’s plant is now online and the gigafactory is to be completed next year. Investors should see strong returns in Tesla’s stocks around these times, especially with a lot riding on the gigafactory’s planned opening.

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A 200-kWh advanced energy storage facility at Texas Electric Cooperatives’ Master Distribution Center in Georgetown, Texas is designed to help its 75 member co-ops learn about the benefits of energy storage — and tap into a special pricing deal with a vendor.

“Our project here at our Georgetown facility will provide an up-close opportunity for our members to see this technology at work,” said Archie Lopez, director of strategic initiatives for Texas Electric Cooperatives (TEC). “They will be able to see the equipment and software in a real-world application and any lessons learned here will assist our members in finding the right application of this technology for their customers.”

TEC partnered with Advanced Microgrid Solutions — which installed and operates the system — to offer services to the co-ops at “preferred pricing,” according to AMS. Lopez said TEC doesn’t know how many co-ops will acquire storage systems, and that all the co-ops are very different from each other, with differing needs.

The storage system at the 160,000-square-foot Master Distribution Center will reduce TEC’s peak demand and provide support to the electric grid.

Energy storage helps meet the goals of the co-ops, said Lopez.

“Electric cooperatives exist to serve their members with safe, reliable electricity delivered in a cost-effective manner. Because battery storage has a variety of applications to help meet those goals, cooperatives are well-suited to explore the opportunities battery storage may have for their systems,” he said.

The Georgetown storage system will be financed and owned by AMS and AMS and TEC will share the savings generated by the storage system, said Manal Yamout, vice president of policy for AMS.

“The primary revenue stream to finance it will be demand charge savings on energy bills,” she explained. “We are sharing in the energy bill savings with the customer.”

She noted that the financing arrangements differ from host to host, and couldn’t reveal the details of the TEC contract. However, she provided details about another deal to illustrate the contracts AMS signs with clients.

The Inland Empire Utilities Agency in southern California has a contract with AMS for a 3-MW system plus 3.5 MW of solar, 1 MW of wind and 2.8 MW of biofuel cell generation. This system is expected to reduce peak energy demand up to 15 percent, according to materials provided by AMS.

In the Inland Empire case, expected savings are $68/kW/year.  The utility and AMS split the savings 50 -50 under the agreement.

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Kinda makes you wonder if they shouted “Urea-ka!” after the discovery.

One of the biggest missing links in renewable energy is affordable and high performance energy storage, but a new type of battery developed at Stanford University could be the solution.

Solar energy generation works great when the sun is shining (duh…) and wind energy is awesome when it’s windy (double duh…), but neither is very helpful for the grid after dark and when the air is still. That’s long been one of the arguments against renewable energy, even if there are plenty of arguments for developing additional solar and wind energy installations without large-scale energy storage solutions in place. However, if low-cost and high performance batteries were readily available, it could go a long way toward a more sustainable and cleaner grid, and a pair of Stanford engineers have developed what could be a viable option for grid-scale energy storage.

With three relatively abundant and low-cost materials, namely aluminum, graphite, and urea, Stanford chemistry Professor Hongjie Dai and doctoral candidate Michael Angell have created a rechargeable battery that is nonflammable, very efficient, and has a long lifecycle.

“So essentially, what you have is a battery made with some of the cheapest and most abundant materials you can find on Earth. And it actually has good performance. Who would have thought you could take graphite, aluminum, urea, and actually make a battery that can cycle for a pretty long time?” – Dai

A previous version of this rechargeable aluminum battery was found to be efficient and to have a long life, but it also employed an expensive electrolyte, whereas the latest iteration of the aluminum battery uses urea as the base for the electrolyte, which is already produced in large quantities for fertilizer and other uses (it’s also a component of urine, but while a pee-based home battery might seem like just the ticket, it’s probably not going to happen any time soon).

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Research results set out in the 2017 edition of Lloyd’s Technology Radar – the first to zoom in on low carbon energy and power and energy  – reveals that renewable power generation technologies are now cost competitive with fossil fuels, and ongoing innovation is likely to yield further gains.

“We are very encouraged by the findings, which highlight not only a growing optimism across the industry but a vigorous and intelligent debate about the pathways to decarbonization,” Lloyd’s Register Energy Director Alasdair Buchanan commented upon the report’s release.

“Clearly, there are many uncertainties about exactly how the industry will evolve, but what is inarguable is that the conversation is no longer about ‘should we?’ but ‘how should we do it?’”

Lloyd’s Low Carbon Technology Radar: The Highlights

A global engineering, technical and business services organization wholly owned by the Lloyd’s Register Foundation, Lloyd’s Register explores conditions and the outlook for renewables, nuclear, grid and infrastructure; and energy storage in its double edition Technology Radar – Low Carbon 2017 research report.

In addition to delving into a wide variety of data and information sources spanning the global power-energy value chain, researchers sought out insights and opinions of industry leaders and obtained views from nearly 600 professionals and experts.

Among the report’s key takeaways, Lloyd’s Register found that low-carbon generation technologies have declined in cost to the point where they are now competitive with conventional fossil fuel power generation.

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